{"id":248,"date":"2024-06-21T19:31:17","date_gmt":"2024-06-21T19:31:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/caesarsbox.com\/?p=248"},"modified":"2024-06-21T19:32:01","modified_gmt":"2024-06-21T19:32:01","slug":"rome-again-resonates-to-this-day","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/caesarsbox.com\/?p=248","title":{"rendered":"Rome again resonates to this day"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5 Inventions You Didn\u2019t Realize Came From Ancient Rome<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/historyfacts.com\/\">HOME<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/historyfacts.com\/category\/science-industry\/\">SCIENCE &amp; INDUSTRY<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a>ARTICLE<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/historyfacts.com\/science-industry\/article\/roman-inventions\/#\"><strong>Copy<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"mailto:?subject=Check%20out%20this%20story&amp;body=Hey,%20I%20thought%20you%27d%20like%20this%20article%20from%20History%20Facts.%20Hope%20you%20enjoy%20it!%0D%0A%0D%0Ahttps%3A%2F%2Fhistoryfacts.com%2Fscience-industry%2Farticle%2Froman-inventions%2F\"><strong>Share to email<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/intent\/tweet?text=https%3A%2F%2Fhistoryfacts.com%2Fscience-industry%2Farticle%2Froman-inventions%2F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Twitter<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/sharer\/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fhistoryfacts.com%2Fscience-industry%2Farticle%2Froman-inventions%2F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Share to Facebook<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>CODEX-STYLE BOOK<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>In 500 BCE, Rome was nothing more than a minor city-state on the Italian Peninsula. But with its eyes set on expansion, Rome began to conquer its neighbors until it controlled all of Italy. It didn\u2019t stop there. It became an empire in 27 BCE, and at its height \u2014 around 100 CE \u2014 the vast and immensely powerful Roman Empire stretched from Britain to Egypt.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Advertisement<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\nhttps:\/\/a05841466851d76579a4cbf6754554f9.safeframe.googlesyndication.com\/safeframe\/1-0-40\/html\/container.html\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Rome\u2019s influence on the world was both widespread and long-lasting. The Romans were great innovators and inventors, sometimes appropriating and advancing aspects from other cultures, and other times inventing entirely new technologies and systems. These innovations covered a wide range of fields, including state institutions, cultural practices, and engineering techniques.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Roman Empire eventually fell in 476 CE, but its legacy and influence carried on \u2014 all the way to the present day. Some of Rome\u2019s most famous innovations, such as sanitation systems and road networks, are well known and still very much in evidence; in the United Kingdom, for example, many modern roads still follow the routes laid down by the Romans. Other Roman innovations, however, are more obscure. Here are five inventions that continue to shape our modern world, but that many people don\u2019t realize originated in ancient Rome.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-first-bound-books\">The First Bound Books<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/historyfacts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2024\/05\/1_HF_Invented-by-romans_bound-books.jpg?w=640\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6717\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Credit:&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.gettyimages.com\/search\/photographer?photographer=Xavier%20ROSSI\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Xavier ROSSI<\/a>\/ Gamma-Rapho via Getty Images<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>In the ancient world, the first written documents were typically recorded on clay or wax tablets, or on sheets or scrolls of papyrus. The Romans also used scrolls, but during the first and second centuries CE, a new form of storing and accessing information emerged: the codex-style book. These notebooks, known as&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/scarc.library.oregonstate.edu\/omeka\/exhibits\/show\/mcdonald\/bookbinding\/bookbinding\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>pugillares membranei<\/em><\/a>&nbsp;(roughly translating to \u201cparchment book\u201d), were formed by stacking pages \u2014 typically made of vellum or papyrus \u2014 that were then joined along one set of edges, much like modern books. They were mainly used for personal writing, and represent the first true form of the bound book. The codices soon became popular throughout Western Europe and the Middle East, eventually superseding scrolls and tablets.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">You may also like<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/historyfacts.com\/arts-culture\/article\/revealing-facts-about-5-celebrated-painters\/\">Revealing Facts About 5 Celebrated Painters<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/historyfacts.com\/world-history\/article\/facts-about-the-elizabethan-era\/\">5 Facts About England\u2019s Elizabethan Era<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/historyfacts.com\/arts-culture\/article\/unforgettable-moments-in-baseball-history\/\">Unforgettable Moments in Baseball History<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Advertisement<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\nhttps:\/\/a05841466851d76579a4cbf6754554f9.safeframe.googlesyndication.com\/safeframe\/1-0-40\/html\/container.html\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Advertisement<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\nhttps:\/\/a05841466851d76579a4cbf6754554f9.safeframe.googlesyndication.com\/safeframe\/1-0-40\/html\/container.html\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-precision-medical-instruments\">Precision Medical Instruments<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/historyfacts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2024\/05\/2_HF_Invented-by-romans_medical-instruments.jpg?w=640\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6718\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Credit:&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.gettyimages.com\/search\/photographer?photographer=Hulton%20Archive\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Hulton Archive<\/a>&nbsp;via Getty Images<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>The Romans were great pioneers in the field of surgery. We know from archaeological evidence \u2014 including well-preserved artifacts found in the buried remains of Pompeii and Herculaneum \u2014 that the Romans used precision medical instruments including bone forceps, catheters, obstetrical hooks, scalpels, and surgical scissors. The level of technology found in some of these tools is not so far from their modern counterparts. The Roman version of the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/speculum-the-creepy-history-of-this-ancient-gynaecological-device-and-why-its-still-feared-today-196977\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">vaginal speculum<\/a>, for example, did not change significantly until the 20th century. The Romans also had a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/jmvh.org\/article\/692\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">medical military corps<\/a>&nbsp;with specialized field surgeons who were tasked with keeping the legions fit, healthy, and alive.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Advertisement<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Advertisement<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\nhttps:\/\/a05841466851d76579a4cbf6754554f9.safeframe.googlesyndication.com\/safeframe\/1-0-40\/html\/container.html\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-underfloor-heating\">Underfloor Heating<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/historyfacts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2024\/05\/3_HF_Invented-by-romans_medical-instruments.jpg?w=640\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6719\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Credit:&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.gettyimages.com\/search\/photographer?photographer=Culture%20Club\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Culture Club<\/a>\/ Hulton Archive via Getty Images<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Heated floors might seem like a modern luxury, but the Romans started using them 2,000 years ago. Ancient Romans used an underfloor heating system known as a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/canterburymuseums.co.uk\/collections\/canterbury-roman-museum\/hypocaust\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">hypocaust<\/a>, which drew in hot air from a wood-burning furnace outside the house and channeled it into a chamber below the floor. This not only warmed the floor itself but radiated heat throughout the home. Many examples of hypocausts can still be found in the foundations of villas and townhouses in Roman centers in Germany and England, where cold winters would have made the toasty floors especially inviting.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-shopping-mall\">The Shopping Mall<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Advertisement<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\nhttps:\/\/a05841466851d76579a4cbf6754554f9.safeframe.googlesyndication.com\/safeframe\/1-0-40\/html\/container.html\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Related:<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/historyfacts.com\/science-industry\/article\/great-depression-inventions\/\">5 Inventions That Came Out of the Great Depression<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/historyfacts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2024\/05\/4_HF_Invented-by-romans_shopping-mall.jpg?w=640\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6720\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Credit:&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.gettyimages.com\/search\/photographer?photographer=Independent%20Picture%20Service\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Independent Picture Service<\/a>\/ Universal Images Group via Getty Images<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Markets have long been prevalent throughout the world as a gathering place for people to sell and buy all sorts of goods and produce. But the first permanent and covered shopping mall was likely built by the Romans: Trajan&#8217;s Market (<em>Mercatus Traiani<\/em>), constructed between 100 and 110 CE. Made of red brick and concrete, it had six levels that housed around&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.rome.net\/trajans-market\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">150 different shops<\/a>, as well as government offices and living accommodations. A street on the upper level, meanwhile, was named&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.atlasobscura.com\/places\/mercatus-traiani-trajans-market\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>Via Biberatica<\/em><\/a>&nbsp;after the Latin word for \u201cdrink,\u201d suggesting that even the Romans needed to unwind after a hard day\u2019s shopping.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Advertisement<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Advertisement<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\nhttps:\/\/a05841466851d76579a4cbf6754554f9.safeframe.googlesyndication.com\/safeframe\/1-0-40\/html\/container.html\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-our-calendar\">Our Calendar<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/historyfacts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2024\/05\/5_HF_Invented-by-romans_calendar.jpg?w=640\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6721\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Credit:&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.gettyimages.com\/search\/photographer?photographer=Hulton%20Archive\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Hulton Archive<\/a>&nbsp;via Getty Images<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Most of the world now uses the Gregorian calendar, first introduced in 1582 by Pope Gregory XIII. But credit for the modern calendar should really be&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/aa.usno.navy.mil\/faq\/calendars#:~:text=The%20Gregorian%20Calendar%2C%20first%20introduced,one%20for%20the%20Julian%20Calendar.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">given to the Romans<\/a>. The Gregorian calendar is based on the much earlier Julian calendar (which itself owed a lot to the Egyptian solar calendar), introduced by Julius Caesar in 45 BCE. The calendars share many similarities, though one of the main differences is the treatment of those pesky leap years. The Gregorian calendar handles them more precisely, resulting in a discrepancy between the two calendars that is currently 13 days, and will become 14 days in 2100.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><\/h2>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>5 Inventions You Didn\u2019t Realize Came From Ancient Rome In 500 BCE, Rome was nothing more than a minor city-state on the Italian Peninsula. But with its eyes set on expansion, Rome began to conquer its neighbors until it controlled all of Italy. It didn\u2019t stop there. It became an empire in 27 BCE, and [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"off","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-248","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/caesarsbox.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/248","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/caesarsbox.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/caesarsbox.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/caesarsbox.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/caesarsbox.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=248"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/caesarsbox.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/248\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":249,"href":"https:\/\/caesarsbox.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/248\/revisions\/249"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/caesarsbox.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=248"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/caesarsbox.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=248"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/caesarsbox.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=248"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}